@Bob Herriott
There has been some fuss in recent days concerning the famous 'Dambusters Raid' from some 80 years ago. As usual, the tabloids have gone overboard on 'our heroes,' 'our boys,' and the usual sentimental garbage that follows. This from a paper who's boss stood willingly beside Herr Hitler for a photograph, and whose paper demanded the UK stop taking in Jewish refugees, even if they are only children. Naturally, this was not mentioned once the war began.
The 'Dambusters Raid,' a rather cockeyed attempt at knocking out three major Dams in Germany, thus destroying much industrial output, was a courageous attempt at a time when the outcome of the war was still unsure. By making use of a 'Bouncing Bomb,' dropped at 60 feet from the water while flying, under enemy fire, at 240 mph was not one that endeared itself to the crews.
On the night of May 16/17th 1943, the 19 Lancaster's, in two formations took off on 'Operation Chastise.'
As always, the RAF flew at night. RAF Bomber crews always considered the USAF idea of flying bomber aircraft in large formations during the day an absurd and stupid thing to do. The Yank crews considered flying in the dark, unsure of where you were, an unusually stupid thing to do! Both were correct!
Rising one by one from the airfield, slowly gaining height in their extremely heavy and unusual aircraft, the Lancaster's crossed the channel heading deep into the darkness. Problems soon arose, one aircraft had technical difficulties. another flew so low his
'Bouncing Bomb' hit the water and was lost, though the aircraft survived and returned to base. Three other Lancs went down under anti-aircraft fire or by hitting electricity cables. The idea had been to fly at 100 feet to avoid detection, gunners and obstacles did however, notice them.
After much stress the attack succeeded in breaching both the Mohne Dam and the Eder. The rather stupid idea of breaching the huge earth dam at Sorpe failed both because of the makeup of the Dam and the great difficulty in attacking.
The result, with only 11 of 19 aircraft returning and many of the 133 crew lost, was indecisive. On the ground some 1600 were killed, around 800 of these slave labourers from various parts of German dominated Europe. The damage to industry was limited, the coal mines suffered, power stations destroyed, and houses and smaller industry damaged. A failure by Bomber Command to follow this up with several 'normal' bombing raids, could have extended the damage somewhat, but this never occurred.
The effect on the war was limited, the effect on the UK was huge. The raid was portrayed as a massive success, as you do in war, and the lift for morale was huge. During late 1942, Montgomery had beaten the Germans in North Africa, in early 1943 the German attack on Stalingrad had failed, and with this bombing success the people, after four years of war, now began to believe that we could win in the end. The raid may not have been a military success in a manner still offered by the media, but the hope of success, and even an end to the war could now be believed.
